Detergent sulphonic acid and sulphate salts of certain amphoteric detergents



DETERGENT SULPHONIC ACID AND SUL- PHATE SALTS OF CERTAIN AMPHOTERIC DETERGENTS Hans S. Mannheimer, New York, N. Y.

N Drawing. Application May 24, 1956, Serial No. 586,922

6 Claims. (Cl. 260-458) This invention relates to novel compositions and to methods for making them. In one of its more specific aspects, the invention is directed to methods of making and to novel derivatives of a certain class of starting materials. Said starting materials are amino carboxylic acid metal salts, which I shall hereinafter refer to as amino acid metal salts.

Said amino acid metal salts are useful as surface active agents, are employed as starting materials in the practice of this invention, and have the following general Formula I:

in which R is a hydrocarbon radical of at least 6 carbon atoms and preferably 6-18 carbon atoms, and for most purposes R is preferably such a radical which may be either aliphatic and straight or branch chain or cycloaliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic, with the aliphatic portion being attached to an aromatic nucleus and having at least 3 carbon atoms; Y and Y1 are each selected from the class consisting of Re and R2-COOM; R2 is an organic group selected from the class consisting of (a) aliphatic, aromatic or aromatic-aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms, such as --CH2, C2H4, --CsHc-, -C4Ha, --C5H10-, CsH'-, C6H4, --CeH4CH2-, (b) hydroxy substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms, illustrative examples of which are -CH2CHOHCH2,

CH2CHOHCHOHCH2 (c) aliphatic ether groups, each of said groups having at least one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, illustrative examples of which are (d) aliphatic other groups, each of said groups having at least one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, illustrative example of which is CH2CHOHCH2OCH2 Re is selected from the class consisting of monovalent radicals otherwise defined in (a)(d), examples of which are CH3, -C2H5, C3H7, C4H9, -C5H11, CsH11, C(;Hs, -CsH4CHa, C2H4OH, CH2CHOHCH2OH etc., -C2H4OCH3, etc.; M is an alkali metal and preferably sodium or potassium; and A is selected from the class consisting of halogens and hydroxyl (OH) and preferably being C1 or OH.

It is to be understood, of course, that Formula I as before set forth is meant to include throughout the pres- 2,7813 9'0 Patented Feb. 12, i957 cut description and claims such salts, as well as inner salts or anhydrides, such as for example:

one mole of RsCl and with the use of caustic soda produced HCl is removed to provide which, in turn, is reacted with an equimolecular proportion of ReCl and the produced HCl is removed to provide one mole of is reacted with one mole of an alkali metal salt of m0nochlormonocarboxylic acid either in aqueous or alcohol medium to provide a starting material:

If desired the C1 of such starting materials may be substituted by OH to provide equivalent starting materials by reacting it with an alkali metal hydroxide MOH, whereby Cl is substituted by OH and MCI is formed.

Or, 1 mole of RNH2 may be reacted with 1 mole of a monohalomonocarboxylic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide which in turn may be reacted with an equimolecular proportion of a monohalomonocarboxylic acid together with a dimolecular proportion of caustic soda to provide:

Rz-COOM RrCOOM which may also be produced by reacting 1 mole of R-NH2 with 2 moles of a monohalomonocarboxylic acid together with 4 moles of caustic soda. Then 1 mole of 3.2-0 0 O M RN\ Rs-C 0 o M may be reacted with 1 mole of RsCl to provide:

which compound may have the Cl replaced by OH by, reaction with MOH.

' 3 Or, 1 mole of Rr-COOM V p \Rr-COOM may be reacted with 1 mole of mononochlormonohalocarboXylic acid to provide:

Rz-COOM R-NR2COOM o1 Rr-OOOM which if desired may have its Cl replaced by OH by the use of caustic soda.

The monohalocarboxylic acids employed are preferably monochloracetic, monochlorpropionic, monochlorlactic, and the alkali employed is preferably NaOH or KOH.

The following Examples A-I and A1 to Il are given merely by way of illustrating in general methods which may be employed for producing examples of starting materials employed in the practice of this invention, such methods being known to the art and, as such, are no part of this invention.

EXAMPLE A 1 mole of C12H25-NH2 is reacted with 1 mole of methyl chloride and then reacted with NaOH to remove the HCl formed to provide /H Cribs-N and 1 mole proportion thereof is reacted with 1 mole of methyl chloride and then reacted with NaOH to provide CrzHzs-N and then 1 mole proportion thereof is reacted with 1 mole of sodium salt of monochloracetic acid to provide:

/CHs C12H25NCHB O1 CHr-COONn hereinafter known as product A and which may be reacted with an equimolecular proportion of NaOH to provide a compound the same as product A, except that the C1 thereof is replaced by OH and such compound is hereinafter known as product A-1.

EXAMPLE B 1 mole of hexyl benzyl amine:

hereinafter known as product B and. which may bereacted. with an equimolecular proportion of NaOH to replace Cl with OH and is hereinafter known as product 8-1 4 EXAMPLE 0 1 mole of lauryl phenyl amine:

CuHg

C1gH25N is reacted with 1 mole of monochlorethoxyacetic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide:

1zHzs 021140 CH2C O ONa then 1 mole thereof is reacted with 1 mole of sodium salt of monochloracetic acid to provide:

hereinafter known as product C which may be treated with an equimolecular proportion of caustic soda to replace the C1 to OH to provide product C1.

EXAMPLE D 1 mole of C9H19-CeH4-NH may be reacted with ethylene chlorhydrin in the presence of caustic soda to provide:

and 1 mole thereof may be reacted with 1 mole of acetic acid together with 2 moles of caustic soda to provide:

GHQ-C O ONa CoHrwCaHr-N CzHrOH Saidcompound is then reacted with an equimolecular proportion of sodium salt of monochloracetic acid to provide:

hereinafter known as product D which may be treated with equimolecular proportion of NaOH to replace Cl with OH and is hereinafter known as product D1.

EXAMPLE E 1 mole of diethoxyamine is reacted with C12H25Br and the HBr is reacted with NaOH. The resulting organic compound is reacted with 1 mole of monochlorpropionic acid, together with Zrnoles. of caustic soda or with acrylonitrile and subsequently hydrolized, to provide:

C 2H4 C O O Na n asrN and 1 mole thereof is reacted with 1 mole of sodium salt of monochloracetic acid to provide:

C rHh-C O O Na CrzHar-N-CHr-O O ONa Cl (C gHrO) 2H hereinafter known as product Ewhich may be reacted with equirnolecular proportion of NaOH to replace Cl with OH to provide product E-l.

EXAMPLES E AND G 1 mole of CraI-Izs-NHa is reacted in the presence of 2 moles of NaOH with the following respective compounds:

ClCsH4COOH and ClCI-IaCBHrCOOI-I to provide the respective compounds which may be respectively reacted with equimolecular proportion of mono- 5 chloracetic acid in the presence of dimolecular proportion ofNaOI-I, and the resulting compounds subsequently reacted with equimolecular proportion of sodium salt of monochlorpropionic acid to provide:

CzHr-C OONa C17Hz5N-CH2-C OONEt Cl CsHr-C O ONa hereinafter known as products F and G respectively, which may be reacted with equimolecular proportion of NaOH to replace Cl with OH to provide compounds hereinafter known as products F-l and G-l respectively.

EXAMPLE I 1 mole of C9HisCsH4-NH2 is reacted with 2 moles of monochloracetic acid, together with 4 moles of KOH to provide:

and 1 mole thereof is reacted with 1 mole of potassium salt monochlorpropionic acid to provide:

This compound, hereinafter known as product I, may be reacted with 1 mole KOH to replace the Cl thereof with OH to provide compound hereinafter known as product 1-1. 1

The radical R of allof the formulas hereinb'efore and hereinafter set forth is that hereinbefore defined in. connection with Formula I.- Instead of employingmonochloracetic acid, any other appropriate monohalomonocarboxylic acid, such as monochlorpropi'onic, monochlorlactic acids, etc. may be employed. Thus, by merely substituting the particular monohalomonocarboxylic acid for those used in the production of the particular compounds hereinbefore set forth, and/or by employing the various radicals and groups for R6 and R2 but within the definitions thereof as heretofore defined, a very great number of products X, examples of which are products A to I and A-1 to 1-1, are amino acid metal salts, which may be employed as starting materials or reactants in the practice of this invention. Prior to this invention, it was known that cationic surface active agents and anionic surface active agents when together in aqueous solution resulted in the production or formation of water insoluble compounds; and that adding an anionic surface active agent to an aqueous solution of 7 6 another anionic surface active agent resulted in a mere physical combination of said agents and that no reaction would occur between them.

Said amino acid metal salts normally behave anionically in aqueous solutions having a pH above 7, and consequently it was expected that said amino acid metal salts when in aqueous solution together with anionic surface agents that they would be combined physically only and that no chemical reaction would occur therebetween. In the course of my experimentations, I have discovered that said amino acid metal salts could be reacted with certain anionic surface active agents at a pH above 7 to produce water-soluble reaction products. Not only did I make said discovery, but I further discovered that water solutions of such reaction products had viscosities greater than corresponding aqueous solutions of the amino acid metal salts and also exhibited better foaming characteristics than did said amino acid metal salts" in very low dilutions under extreme water hardness conditions. Said reaction products are non-toxic and non-irritating to the human skin. They have been found eminently useful as general utility detergents, such as for car washing, dish washing, clothes washing, etc. Said amino acid metal salts, as Well as compounds of Formula II hereinafter described and such amino acid metal salts and compounds of Formula II in mere physical mixtures, when used as components of shampoos cause stinging and sometimes slight irritation of the eyes when such shampoos were used and water solutions thereof accidentally reached the eyes. I have further discovered that the reaction products of this invention caused practically no irritation or stinging of the eyes when employed as components of shampoos.

According to this invention, one or a combination of two or more of said amino acid metal salts of the general structural. Formula I are reacted with one or a combination of two or more anionic surface active agents of the following general structural Formula II to provide novel, water-soluble compounds having the following general structural Formula III, and having high wetting, detergency and surface active properties and capable of providing voluminous and stable foams in aqueous solutions, and which aqueous solutions are substantially non-irritating to the skin and eyes of normal human beings.

wherein R3 is a hydrocarbon radical, either aliphatic containing 6-20 carbon atoms, or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon of 620 carbon atoms and consisting of a benzene ring having an aliphatic radical attached thereto; Z is oxygen or sulphur; x is 1-5 and preferably 3; and R, Y, Y1, R2 and M have been heretofore defined in Formula I. According to this invention, I react a compound of Formula I with a compound of Formula II to provide the novel and highly useful compounds of Formula III. In general this reaction is carried out in a solution containing compounds I and II and to which a quantity of an acidic agent such as a strong mineral acid, as for example hydrochloric, sulphuric or its equivalent, has been added to lower the pH of the solution to a value of approximately 7 to approximately 9 and while maintaining the mass at a temperature between approximately l00200 F. In this reaction under the aforesaid conditions, the compounds of Formula III are produced, said compounds having high water solubility in spite of the fact that the number of carbon atoms in R3 is 6 or more.

Such compounds of Formula III have an unexpected exnamel h h a erolubil y h e t e cor e pond n salts of cationic compounds are water-insoluble. The es t t aqueous soluti n c n e used r t y as a s e ast agen e t n a nt or te nt v r t pu poses indicated for the amino acid metal salts. While the quantities of the compound of Formula I and com pound of Formula II may be equimolecular for good yield of compounds of Formula III, I may employ an excess of either, and in general the mole ratio of a compound of Formula I to compound of Formula ll may be 2 moles of the former to l-3 moles of the latter.

1 s f th spec fi me h hic I Prefer to p oy in carrying out an aspect of this invention is to first dissolve a compound of Formula I in water and then the pH thereof is adjusted to approximately 12-13 (measured electrically) by the addition of aqueous caustic soda if required so that when a compound of Formula II is added thereto, the pH of the solution of I and II will be at least 10 and generally 10.5-11. The temperature of said solution is raised to 100-200 F. and preferably in factory practice to approximately 140 F. Then a quantity of a com pound of Formula II is dissolved in Water in a separate container and this solution is added to said first solution and the mass is maintained in said temperature range while being constantly stirred, and an acidic agent is added thereto to reduce the pH thereof to a value below 10 and in the range of approximately 7 to 9, and preferably of approximately 8.2 to approximately 8.7. At the end of the acidic agent addition, the stirring is continued and the temperature of the mass maintained for about 10-20 minutes after which the solution is allowed to cool and is a finished product.

The following are specific examples merely given by Way of illustrating the invention and are not to be taken by way of limitation, all parts being given by weight unless otherwise specified.

EXAMPLE 1 An aqueous solution of 330 parts of product A in 570 parts. of water is heated to approximately 140 F. and its pH (measured electrically) is adjusted by the addition of aqueous caustic soda to l213. While being constantly stirred and maintained at that temperature, there is added a solution of 400 parts of sodium salt of lauryl diethoxyether sulfate:

in 600 parts of Water. Then While stirring and the temperature is maintained there is added thereto between about 30-40 parts of hydrochloric acid solution (32%) whereby the pH of the mass is lowered to a value in the range of 8.2 to 8.7. Stirring is continued and the temperature maintained for about 10 minutes more. The resultant product is a solution of the novel reaction product having-the following formula:

EXAMPLE 2 lowing Examples 3-18;' the quantity'of hydrochloric acidsolution. (32% isvariable to lower the pH to values i ated in Example 1 to o tain the no el reaction PIO- nets of said Examples 3-18.

EXAMPLE 3 409 parts of product B in 615 parts of water. 250 parts of octylmonoethoxyether sulfate sodium salt:

CaH1q-O C2H4O -SO3Na in 400 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CHZFC O O Na B lTN -CHH0HC 0 O Na CHi-CuH;

C sHn-0(CgH40)-S 0:

EXAMPLE. 4

410 parts of product C in 615 parts of water. 500 parts of tridecyl tetraethoxyether sulfate sodium salt:

C13H27O(C2H4O)4SO3-Na in 750 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT GE's-C 0 ON a C nHzs-Nc 0H5 ozmoom-oooNn Cia a10(C2H4O)4SOi EXAMPLE 5 384 parts of product D in 576 parts of water. 500 parts of nonylphenoltriethoxy ether sulfate sodium salt:

in 750 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CH2-C 0 ONE CrHm-C aH4- I\-C Hz-C O 0N3 C2H4OH CnHm-Ce 4- 2Hi0)sSOa EXAMPLE 6 480 parts of product E in 720 parts of water. 250 parts of hexylmonoethoxy thioether sulfate sodium salt:

parts of octylphenoldiethoxythioether sulfate potassium salt:

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT C 2154- 0 O N a CuHm-N-CHs-C 0 ON&

CHgCaH4-C O 0N8.

C xHn-C 5H4- S -(C2 4 2-S 0:;

EXAMPLE 9 230 parts of product H in 345 parts of water. parts of decyltriethoxy thioether sulfate sodium salt:

C1oH21--S-(C2H4O)a-SOsNa in 600 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CH2CH OHOHzOH CoH19N-CH2C O O Na 602 parts of product I in 903 parts of water. 500 parts of amylphenylpentaethoxyether sulfate sodium salt:

C5H1i-C6H4O-(C2H4O) 5-SOa--Na in 750 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL [REACTION PRODUCT CHr-C O O K C tHrnC 0H4NCH2C O O K C 2H4C O O K C5H11-CfiH4-O(C2H10)5 0:;

EXAMPLE 11 1 mole part of product A, (3-1 respectively in water measuring one and one half times the weight of the respective products employed. 1 mole part (500 parts) of nonylphenoltriethoxy ether sulphate sodium salt in 750 parts of water. The resultant novel reaction products consist respectively of said products A, 0-1, but with the halogen atoms thereof replaced by the radical:

It is to be understood that any of the products A-I which are shown herein merely as illustrative examples of the starting material of Formula I may be reacted with any of the specific sulfate or sulfonate salts which are shown herein merely as illustrative examples of reactants of Formula II to produce novel compounds of Formula III. It is also to be understood that aliphatic as employed in the specification and claims in the definition of R is meant to include straight chain, branch chain and cycloaliphatic radicals.

It is also to be understood that instead of first adjusting the pH of the compound of Formula I to 12-13 be fore the addition of the compound of Formula H, any other method may be employed to obtain the condition whereby the pH of the solution of I and H is at least and preferably 10.5-11 before the addition of the acidic agent to lower the pH of the mass to approximately 7 to approximately 9. For example, I and II may be dissolved together and this solution may by the addition of caustic soda when required have its pH adjusted to at least 10, and then at 100-200 F. is ready for the addition of the acidic agent to lower its pH to approximately 7 to approximately 9. If desired, the required amount of acidic agent may be added either before or after the solution at pH of at least 10 is brought to a temperature in the range of IOU-200 F.

Since certain changes in carrying out the aforesaid processes and certain modifications in the compositions which embody the invention may be made without departing from its scope, it is intended that all matter con- .10 tained in the description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending application Ser. No. 575,300, filed April 2, 1956.-

I claim:

1. A compound of the following formula:

in which R is a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of 6-18 carbon atoms, aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon radicals of 6-18 carbon atoms, with the aliphatic portion thereof having at least 3 carbon atoms; Y and Y1 are each selected from the class consisting of R6 and R2-COOM; R2 is selected from the class consisting of (a) hydroxy substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms, (b) aliphatic ether groups, each of said groups containing at least one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbons of 2-12 carbon atoms, (0) aliphatic ether groups, each of said groups containing at least one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydroxy substituted hydrocarbons of 2-12 carbon atoms, (d) aliphatic, aromatic and aromatic-aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms; Rs selected from the class consisting of monovalent radicals otherwise defined in (a)(d); R3 is selected from the class consisting of aliphatic and aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon radicals of 6-20 carbon atoms; Z is selected from the class consisting of oxygen and sulphur; x is l-S; and M is an alkali metal.

2. A compound of the following formula:

CH3 RNCH3 GHQ-COGNB in which R is hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms; R3 is hydrocarbon of 6-20 carbon atoms and x is 1-5.

3. A compound of the following formula:

in which R is hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms; Rs

' is hydrocarbon of 6-20 carbon atoms and x is l-S.

4. A compound of the following formula:

in which R is hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms; Ra is hydrocarbon of 6-20 carbon atoms and x is 1-5.

6. A coinpo un d of thcifollowing formula: References'Cited in th e file of this patent Y I CHa:- -OOONn UNITED- STATES PATENTS R N'OHT''COONa 2,097,640 Piggott NOV. 2, 1937 7 01114011 5 FOREIGN- PATENTS 3- J 4 =-sm 208,288 Switzerland Apr. 16, 1940 in'which R is hydrocarlion of 6-18 carbon atoms; R3

is hydrocarbon of 6-20 carbon atoms and x is 1-5. 

1. A COMPOUND OF THE FOLLOWING FORMULA: 